Adjustable spaceband indicator



June 15, 1937.

E. S. LARSON ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR s Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 14. 1933 INVENTOR [MP0 6. LAP-901V June 15, 1937- E. s. LARSON ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR Filed Jan. 14. 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN s'snegts-sneet :5

Filed Jan. 14. 1933 no uh oh a 9m 731m vb Po. mn o NM m /ii v A L 0 N INVENTOR ED514490 6'. 1144250 A'ITOR Y June 15, 1937. E. s. LARSON ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR Filed Jan. 14, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 50144490 J. ZAPJO M AT'T ORNE;

June 15, 1937. E. s. LARSON ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR Filed Jan. 14. 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 III III. I

9 10 ll IE SET SIZE w w m w m 96 82005: E 85.3280 2!. m9. murzau 232.5: no zoFSdun 123456789I0lll2.

SET OIZE INVENTOR EDMPD 6. 1.44250 ATTORNE June 15, 1937. E. s. LARSON ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR Filed Jan. 14, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR EDWARD J. 41250 Y R O T T A Patented June 15, 1937 PATENT OFFICE ADJUSTABLE SPACEBAND INDICATOR Edward I 8. Larson, Chicago, 111., alllgnor, by

assignments, to Teletypesetter Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application January 14, 1933, Serial No. 651,731

Claims.

This invention pertains to type-setting systems and apparatus and especially to perforators and counters which may be utilized for preparing a perforated tape for the automatic control of composing machines of the line-casting type.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard perforator and counter of universal range, utilizabie in the preparation of control strips for the automatic control of line-casting and composing machines which contemplate the use of various fonts of type and diiferent sizes of spacebands.

One of the specific objects of the invention is to provide, in a keyboard perforator and counter,

means which is extremely flexible as well as ad- ,iustable, for adapting the keyboard apparatus for use in type-setting systems employing an indefinite number of sizes of expansible justifying matrices or spacebands.

As is commonly known in the typographical art, the slugs or lines of type produced by composing machines of the line-casting type are made through the instrumentality of matrices which consist of small brass units carrying indented characters in their edges and which are of different thicknesses due to the fact that the characters vary in width. As is understood in the art the matrices of a particular set size and style are assembled into separate groups known as fonts. When these matrices are assembled into a line of predetermined definite length, the number of matrices necessary to complete the line varies with the particular matrices used. The length of the line, therefore, is dependent upon the thickness of the characters or matrices composing the line and not merely upon the number of characters included in the line. Hence, it is necessary, during the preparation of a perforated strip representing lines of composed matter for the production of the slugs or lines of type, to totalize the several thicknesses of matrices corresponding to the code perforations made in the strip so that the operator will be apprised of the length of the line remaining as each key is operated and can thus judge the justiflability of the line.

Cooperating with the character matrices and equally determinative of the justifiability of the line are the justifying matrices, commonly known as expansible spacebands or word spacers, which comprise a portion, known as the sleeve, analo- 'gous to and having the contour of a character matrix and which is positioned in the line of matrices usually after-a series of character matrices comprising a word. The sleeve has slidably connected thereto and depending therefrom a wedge-shaped member, by means of which the spacers or spacebands are adjusted between certain ranges of thickness before the casting operation is performed. Incidentally, the thickness of the sleeve portion determines substantially the minimum thickness of the spaceband. It is essential, therefore, that the indicator denote not only the totalization of the character matrices, but also the expansibility of the spacebands, and that these two functions be performed simultaneously and the resultant eifect be apparent to the operator at all times.

It has been found in practice that, to obtain the best results with the various fonts of type, spacebands of diflerent minimum and maximum thicknesses be employed, and to compensate for this diflerence in spaceband sizes the device according to the present invention has been designed to adjust the differential and proportional operation of a pair of spaceband pointers to accommodate any difference in minimum and maximum thicknesses of spacebands. This adjustability is achieved by the present device through the provision of a pair of rack bars operative with the gear sectors of the spaceband pointers and capable of having the pivotal point of their operating levers varied in accordance with the particular font of type or the particular type of spaceband used in the line-casting machine for which the control tape is being prepared.

The keyboard device to which the present invention is adapted and which is fully disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250 granted to H. L. Krum is designed to prepare a perforated tape in which the perforations represent lines of composed matter, and to take account of the aggregate lineal dimension of characters or matrices composed so that in a line of predetermined length the amount or length of the line remaining to be illled or completed will always be ascertainable. The keyboard includes ke'ylevers arranged in a manner characteristic of typewriters and has positioned operatively with respect thereto two groups of selector elements, one of which controls a perforator and the other controls a counting mechanism; the latter totalizes the thicknesses of the characters or matrices making up the line and includes the feature of indicating to the operator the approach of the totalization to a predetermined length of line. Operative in accordance with the operation of the space key and representative of the minimum and maximum expansibility of the spacebands inserted between words are two pointcrs moved differentially to indicate the condition of cumulative expansibility, so that the distance between the pointers or their spread represents the expansibility of the composed line of matrices with their associated spacebands. When the matrix pointer which indicates the cumulative thickness of the sleeves and fixed matrices. is moved into the range of the scale between the two differentially movable pointers, the operator then knows that the line of matrices represented by the perforations in the tape can be properly delivered to the line-casting machine for the casting operation.

A better understanding of the invention may be had from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of a keyboard apparatus employing the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the indicating mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a rear elevational view of the device of the present invention with parts broken away for purposes of illustration.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 55 of F1 4.

ig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the present device in one of its operative positions.

Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 4.

Figs. 8 and 9 are diagrammatical representations of the maximum and minimum spaceband adjustments.

Figs. 10 and 11 are graphical representations of the equations of maximum and minimum defiection.

Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are elevational views of modifications according to the present invention.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters indicate the same part throughout the several views, the present invention is shown in the specific embodiment herein described in connection with the indicating device disclosed in the aforementioned patent. The indicating mechanism comprises a sectoral or fan-shaped dial 20 (Figs 1 and 3) similar to that shown in the aforementioned patent except that it is provided with a movable scale member 2i operable with the minimum spaceband pointer 22 as disclosed in the U. S. Patent No. 2,021,151 granted to W. W. Morey. Movable with respect to the scale are an index hand or matrix pointer 23 and a pair of spaceband pointers 22 and 24. In the present embodiment, space band pointer 22 is connected to and propels the scale. The matrix pointer 23 is rendered variably movable along the arcuate edge of the scale 2| by means of the counting mechanism disclosed in the aforementioned U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250 which is variably operated in accordance with the widths of the characters composed in the line. Briefly, the operation of the counting mechanism is controlled by a series of keys 25, Fig. 1, through the instrumentality of selector mechanisms contained within the base of the keyboard device.

Referring to Fig. 2, the matrix pointer 23 is shown as disposed between a flanged member 26 and an annular member 21, and, as described in U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250, the matrix pointer 23 is rendered movable with the flange member 26 by reason of the pressure imparted thereon by a-spring 28 through the instrumentality of a rod 20 and member 21 integral therewith. Gear 3| secured to the flange member 20 is in mesh with a pinion 32, the rotation of which is variably controlled by the counting mechanism (not shown, but fully described in U. 8. Patent No. 2,059,250) through the medium of shaft 33 and gear wheel 30 (Fig. 1)., the rotation thereof in varying amounts being transmitted through gear 3| to the matrix pointer 23.

As shown in Fig. 2, the dial 20 is pivotally mounted at 34 to bracket SI and is adjustably set through slot and screw adjustment 30 (Fig. 3). As indicated in Figs. 1 and 3, dial 20 has slidably mounted along its outer edge, by means of slots 3'! and 33 coacting with stud screws I3 and 40, respectively, the scale 2i. The length of slots 31 and 33 is determined by the number of spacebands normally required in a line of composed matter and it may be assumed for all practical purposes to be of such length as to permit a movement of the spaceband pointers a distance representative of ten spacebands. Scale 2i is provided along its arcuate edge with a series of graduations, which in the present embodiment of the invention represent keyboard "ems. so called because the space between two graduations (disregarding the short marks which in the present instance merely represent one-half "ems to enhance the readability of the scale) is proportionate to the thicknesses of the em" quads of the various fonts of type. Since the scale is utilizable for any font of type these keyboard "ems represent proportions and not actual dimensions of type faces, the only requisite being that the characters in the various fonts of type have the same unit groupings as set forth in U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250. The length of line to be composed is predetermined and is repre-' sented by the distance between matrix pointer 23, when it abuts an adjustable stop 4!, Figs. 1 and 4, and the zero position on the scale. Thus, the adjustable stop 4! and the zero position on the scale cooperate to define the range of movement of the matrix pointer 23. The reverted end of the matrix pointer 23 moves along the edge of the scale from left to right (Fig. 1) towards zero in response to the totalization or accumulation of the matrix or character thicknesses by the counting mechanism. Thus, the distance from the pointer 23 to zero at any instance indicates the amount of space left in the line to be filled when the line contains no spacebands. Normally, however, when spacebands are inserted in the line the space remaining to be filled varies with the number of spacebands inserted or introduced in the line. So, to indicate the justifiability of the composed line, the pair of pointers 22 and 24 are provided, the distance between the pointers indicating the cumulative amount of expansibility of the spacebands. The movements of the spaceband pointers 22 and 24 must likewise be translated into keyboard ems"; that is, the thickness of the large end of the spaceband, for example, must be expressed in ems instead of in inches so that the movement of the maximum spaceband pointer 24 along the arcuate edge of the scale will also read in terms of keyboard ems. In other words, the deflection of the spaceband pointers for each different spaceband in order to be commensurate withthe deflection of the matrix pointer 23 must be expressed in keyboard ems".

To determine the deflection of the spaceband pointers in terms of ems, the thickness of the a,oss,oos

spaceband (either maximum or minimum) in inches is divided by the set size of the font, in inches. The set size 'of the font, as is known in the art, is derived from the set size of the "cm" quad in the particular font. The term, set size, is employed to specify the width of the type body measured linewise" and is measured in pointsthe printer's unit of measure. The set size of a font is expressed in terms of the set size of the "em" quad .of that font. thus, ii the em" quad of a font is four points in width, then the set size of that particular font is said to be "'4-set". To obtain the set size of the em" quad (or in the last analysis, any type face) in inches,

151i, is only necessary to multiply the set size, which is generally given in "points, by the linear equivalent of a "point, which is .01383 inch (approximately 1/72 of an inch). Expressed in terms of formulae, in which:

S1=maxlmum thickness of spaceband and.

Sn=minimum thickness of spaceband, (1) Deflection per spaceband (in ems")= Formula (1) is employed in determining the deflection of the maximum spaceband pointer 24 in keyboard "ems", and Formula (2) is employed in determining the deflection of the minimum spaceband pointer 22 in keyboard "ems". The applicability of the forgoing formulae to the present invention will be shown hereinafter and will be more clearly understood following a detailed description of the preferred structure adapted to practice the invention.

The scale 2| being movable with the min mum spaceband pointer 22, the matrix pointer 23 indicates not only the cumulative thicknesses of the character matrices in the composed line, but also there is added thereto the thicknesses of the sleeves of the one or more spaccbands in the line, as is clearly set forth in U. S. Patent No. 2,021,151.

The differential or proportionate movements of pointers 22 and 24 toward the left (Fig. 1) is accomplished by the mechanism according to the present invention indicated generally by the numeral 42, Fig. l, which is actuated by a penodically reciprocated bar 43. Similarly, as disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250, the bar 43 is slidably mounted in a bracket 44 supported on the base 45, Figs. 4 and 6, and on stud 46 also secured to the frame and has one end secured, as shown in Fig. l, to one arm of a bell crank lever 41. The bell crank lever 41 is pivoted on a fixed pivot 48 and has its other arm operatively related to a cam 49 mounted for cyclic rotation through suitable clutch mechanism responsive to 65 the actuation of each of the keylevers on a continuously rotating shaft 5i which is in turn rotated by power communicated from a continuously rotating motor 52, all as fully described in U. 8. Patent No. 2,059,250. Cam 49 is provided with two similar cam surfaces to permit two cycles of operation for each complete revolution of the cam; that is, cam 49 is permitted to rotate only 180 or one-half revolution during each cycle of operation. Bell crank 41 is maintained in 75 operative relation with cam 49 by a spring 53.

Plvotally carried on bar 42, as shown in Fig. 4, is a stepping pawl 54 which is normally sp k urged in a clockwise direction, Fig. 4, and is adapted upon actuation of bar 42 to cooperate with a ratchet rack 55 associated with the ad- Justable spaoeband indicating unit 42. For each reciprocation of bar 42, the pawl 54 will also be reciprocated but' the effectiveness thereof is dependent upon other elements. In the exempliflcation of the invention herein illustrated the effectiveness of stepping pawl 54 on the ratchet rack 55 is determined or. established upon the operation of a space key 50 (Fig. l) which through a rocking rod and attached radial arm articulated by pin and slot to a lever pivoted at its rear end controls the position of a vertically extending element 51, Figs. 1 and 4. The element 51, as shown in Fig. 4, is mounted ioosely on a bushing or screw secured tolever 55. with this construction the element 51 is free to move to the right or left on the bushing or screw. The element 51, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, has its upper portion formed as a hook which engages the horizontal arm of a lever 58, Fig. 4, also pivotally carried on bar 43, and is held against a stop 59 by a spring 60, one end of which is secured to the element 51 and the other end to a post on the bar 43. Upon the depression of the space key 50, lever 55 is operated and causes the downward movement of element 51 and rotates lever 58 to a limited extent. The sloping arm of pivoted lever 58 is notched near its extremity and engaging the shoulder thereof is one arm of a lever GI which is also pivotally carried on the bar 43 and consequently moves with it. Both levers 58 and 6| are under the influence of springs arranged to move these elements toward each other, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 6. Upon the downward movement of element 51, the lever 5i will be released from the shoulder formed on the lever 58 and the pawl 54 will be moved about its pivot 52 by the action of lever 5| through its associated spring. Now, when cam 49 rotates, operating its bell crank follower 41 clockwise, and the bar 43 is moved to the right, as shown in Fig. 4. (or to the left, as shown in Fig. 1) and with the pawl 54 engaging one of the teeth in the ratchet rack 55, the rack 55 will be moved in the same direction, thus causing the movement of the pointers 22 and 24 through their associated gears 63 and 54, respeciively. During the rightward movement of bar 43 and immediately following the stepping of the ratchet rack 55. the depending portion of lever 6| coacts with a fixed stop member ilil to effect the reengagement of lever 5| with the shoulder on lever 58 preparatory to a subsequent actuation of keylever 55.

The ratchet rack 55 is adjustably secured through slots and clamping screws 55 and 66 to a substantially U-shaped member 61 slidably mounted on studs 58 and 69 secured to the frame of unit 42. As indicated in Fig. 3, the spaceband pointers 22 and 24 are pivotally carried on a stud shaft 10 which is preferably arranged in coaxial alignment with rod 29, Fig. 2. As indicated in Fig. 5, the pointers 22 and 24 are Ushaped at their pivotal points to provide a substantial bearing on the pivot shaft 10. The pointers 22 and 24 are normally spring urged to their initial or zero position by individual springs 1| and 12.

As viewed in'Fig. 3, there are obliquely positioned on the main frame of the unit 42 adjusting screws 13 and 14 provided at their upper extremities with thumb portions through which the rotation of the respective screws is eflected.

Carried on the screws II and" are individual traveling blocks 15 and I5, respectively, and integral with and extending rearwardly from blocks 5 I5 and II are pivot studs l1 and II. Through the rotation of screws I5 and I4 the blocks I5 and II are caused to travel therealong, thus varying theposition of the pivot studs 11 and II.

Having reference to Fig. 4, there are operatively 10 related to pivot studs l1 and 18 operating levers I5 and II, respectively, which in their normal or zero positions are disposed in parallel alignment with the adjusting screws It and 14. The angular positions of screws" and 14 are so 15 chosen or established that the extreme angular movement or deflection of levers I! and Ill from either side of vertical will be the same. The operating lever II is pivoted to a gear rack II which is slidably carried on a pair of studs 82 and m 55 secured to the frame of the indicator adjusting unit 42. The lower end of operating lever .15 is provided with an open ended slot adapted to cooperate with a pin 84 secured to member 51.

Gear rack ll, Fig. 4, is provided between the studs g 52 and II with a dropped portion, the upper edge of which is pmvided with gear teeth to mesh with gear sector 55. In a similar manner, operating lever II is normally disposed in parallel alignment with the adjusting screw 14 and is pivotal- 1y connected to a gear rack 85 slidably mounted on the aforementioned studs 52 and 83'. The lower end of operating lever Ill likewise is provided with an open ended slot to coact with a pin 85 secured to the member 51. It is to be noted that gear racks and 55 are movable on studs 82 and 53 independently of each other. The upper edge of gear rack B5'is provided with gear teeth adapted to mesh with gear sector 54.

There is also associated with'the ratchet rack 55 a holding pawl I] normally urged into engagement with the ratchet rack 55 by a spring 55. The pawl 81 is pivotally carried by a bracket 3! attached to the frame of unit 42. Thus, when pawl 54 is reciprocated, as previously described, the member 51 is moved for each effectiveness of said pawl to the right an amount corresponding to the right-hand movement of bar 43 and held -thereat by the holding pawl 51.

As previously set forth, the number of spacebands normally insertable in a line of composed matter has been established, for all practical purposes, at ten spacebands. Therefore, to apprise the operator of the fact that ten spacebands have been inserted in the line of composed matter which he is preparing, a signal bell ll is provided which is carried on the frame of the unit 42 as indicated at the right-hand of Fig. 4 (or the left-hand of Fig. 3). mer 92 is pivotally carried at 55, Fig. 4, and is provided with a cam portion 94 to coact with a yieldable cam member 95 pivoted at 95 on the member v5l such that, when the member 51 is operated in a step-by-step manner to the extent of ten teeth on the ratchet rack 55 representative of ten spacebands, the cam member 55 will coact with cam portion 94 to effect a counterclockwise rotation of hammer 92 against the action of its spring 91, and when the cam member 55 passes the member 94 upon the actuation of the member 51 corresponding to the tenth spaceband, the hammer 92 will be free to respond to the action of its spring 51 to strike bell 5|, thereby signalling the operator that ten spacebands have been inserted in the line. 75

A ham-.

To eil'ect the restoration of the indicating to its initial position; that is, to eii'ect the return of the pointers II, 28, and 24 to their zero or beginning-of-line position, the elevator or end-of-line key of the series of keys I5 is actuated, the actuation of which -efl'ects mechanically, as set forth in U. B. Patent'No. 2,059,250, through lever II and link ll, Fig. 2. the rotation of hell crank III in a counterclockwise direction about pivot ill to cause rod 2| to move to the left against the action of spring 25 to disable the clamping eifect oi disc 21 upon thematrix pointer 25 and to permit pointer 25 to be returned to its initial position against the adjustable abutment 4! by a spring actuated lever III acting on a cord I54 attached to pointer 28, as fully described in U. 8. Patent No. 2,059,250.

Simultaneously with the actuation of bell crank Ill, lever It also acts through link Ill,

(Fig. 2) to rotate lever Ill about its pivot III to cause the counterclockwise rotation of holding pawl- 51, Fig. 4. thus permitting the member 51 to be returned to its left-hand or normal position, as viewed in Fig. 4, by a spring Ill, more clearly shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 illustrates the device according to the present invention in its fully operated position, wherein the ratchet rack 55 is shown as having been actuated to its extreme right-hand position by pawl 54, which movement has been transferred through gear racks Cl and 55 and their respective gear sectors 53 and 54 to spaceband pointers 22 and 24, respectively. It is also observed that the scale portion 2| has been moved by and with the minimum spaceband pointer 22.

The mechanism of the present invention is conditioned to operate for various spacebands by adjusting the pivotal points 11 and It to correspond with predetermined calculations, derived from the previously mentioned formulae, which may be incorporated for practical use into either a table or suitable graphs. In the present disclosure, Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate graphs or curves which have been plotted in accordance with these calculations.

Figs. 8 and 9 represent diagrammatically the movements of the operating levers corresponding to the adjustments established. Assuming, in Fig. 8, that the pivotal point of lever 80 is established at 15, the member 55, when lever III has been rotated about 18 in response to the successive step-by-step movements of member 51 through the instrumentality of pawl 54 and ratchet rack 55, will be moved to the dotted line position Ill. The linear movement ltl-Iil' will be translated through gear 54 to angular movement I53. In this manner maximum spaceband pointer 24 is moved incrementally'in response to the stepby-step movement of the ratchet 55 from the full line position in Fig. 8 to the dotted line position 85'. Assuming that the pivotal point has been adjusted to II, the distance of travel of point Ill and likewise gear rack 85, the point 85 moving the distance 85-45 the same as before, will be less and consequently the angle of rotation of pointer 24 will be correspondingly less. In the same manner if the pivotal point II is lowered, a correspondingly greater movement of point l5i will be attained and 9. correspondingly greater movement of pointer 24 will result.

Referring to Fig. 9, the same analogy is apparent. The variation of the pivotal point II with the-movement 84-84 remaining constant will eifect a different linear movement of point I54 along line l54-I64', which variable movement will be imparted to gear rack 8i and translated through gear sector 63 to pointer 22.

The graphs illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 plotted in accordance with Formulae 1) and (2), 5 respectively, afford a convenient method of com municating to the operator of the keyboard apparatus the information or data requisite to eflect the necessary adjustments of pivots 11 and I! to render the device of the present invention eflective for any particular spaceband. That is, the operator, knowing the font of type for which the tape is to be prepared, predetermines the size of spaceband which will produce the best copy and adjusts the pivots l1 and 18 (Fig. 3) accordingly. Assuming, for example, that the spaceband represented by curve I (which will hereinafter be called the No. 1 spaceband) is selected for use with an 8-set font of type, the operator observes from the chart shown in Fig. 10 80 that the deflection of the maximum pointer for ten spacebands is four and one-half keyboard "ems". Incidentally, the reason for reading this deflection in terms of ten spacebands is because the reading for one spaceband would probably 25 be too small to readily effect an accurate adjust- -ment. Noting this reading, the operator thereupon adjusts the traveling block 16 carrying the pivot 18 so as to read on the scale adjoining the block four and one-half keyboard "ems. Fur- 30 ther, if the adjustment is to be for the No. 1 spaceband with a 4'-set font of type, the reading from the table in Fig. 10 would be nine keyboard "ems and the traveling block 16 would be set at the point shown in Fig. 3. Once the curves have been plotted in accordance with the foregoing formulae, it is a simple matter to take the readings therefrom and to adjust the pivots I1 and Ill accordingly. The adjustment for the minimum spaceband pointer is made in accordample, assuming that the No. 1 spaceband is to be used with a 4-set font of type, the reading would be five and one-half keyboard ems" and the traveling block 15, Fig. 3, would therefore be adjusted so that the index pointer thereon would coincide with the graduation on the adjoining scale representative of five and one-half keyboard ems". An alternate method of adjustment which contemplates the use of the movable type of scale 2|, but without the use of the scales adjoining the traveling blocks 15 and 16, is as follows: The indicating mechanism is first restored to its normal position and the matrix pointer 23 is set to any convenient unit graduation on scale 2i. It is apparent from the foregoing disclosure that the matrix pointer 23 may be moved manually against the action of spring pressed disc member 21 (Fig. 2) by merely exerting upon pointer 23 sufllcient force to overcome the frictional pressure thereagainst. The space key is thereafter operated ten consecutive times, moving as is already understood, the scale 2|, a distance equal to the movement of the minimum spaceband pointer 22. Also, the selected graduation at which the matrix pointer was set is likewise moved in the same direction an equivalent distance. Now, using this selected graduation as the zero point and taking from Fig. 11 the reading corresponding to the spaceband and font of type to be used, the minimum spaceband adjusting screw 13 is rotated until the matrix pointer 23 coincides with the aforementioned reading. For example, assuming that the matrix pointer is set at graduation II when the scale 2| is in its normal position,

ance with the curves plotted in Fig. 11. For exand that the space key is operated ten consecutlve times, the matrix pointer 23 remains stationary, but the scale 2| and likewise graduation 35 thereon move to the left, as viewed in Figs. 1

and 3, a cumulative distance representative of the said ten consecutive operations. Now, assuming that the reading taken from Fig. 11 for the No. l spaceband and for a 4-set font of type is four and one-half keyboard ems and taking the graduation of 35 as the zero position, the minimum adjusting screw is rotated until the graduation 35 is four and one-half keyboard "ems" to the left of the stationary matrix pointer 23, or until the matrix pointer 23 reads 30 the effect of turning the screw 13 being to alter the deflection of minimum spaceband pointer 22 and likewise the scale 2|. This completes the adjustment for minimum 'spaceband pointer 22. Now, to ascertain the adjustment of the maximum spaceband pointer the difference between the readings obtained from Figs. 10 and 11 is used, it being recalled that the space between the pointers 22 and 24 represents the usable expansibility of a spaceband. Thus, for example, -thereading for the No. 1 spaceband for a 4-set font of type is taken from Figs. 10 and 11 by subtracting the reading, viz. 5 ems, of Fig. 11 from the reading, viz. 9 "ems", of Fig. 10, which difference is 3 /2 ems. Now without disturbing the conditions set up by the operation of the space key ten consecutive times, the adjustment is made by turning the maximum adjusting screw 14 until the maximum spaceband pointer 24 is 3 keyboard ems from the zero position on the scale a 2 I. The pivots 11 and 18 have now been properly adjusted for a No. 1 spaceband and a 4-set font of type, and the key for restoring the pointers and scale to their original position can now be operated, and subsequent operations of the space key will cause a deflection of spaceband pointers 22 and 2! a distance representative of the minimum and maximum thicknesses of the No. 1 spaceband indicated in the graphs in Figs. 10 and 11,

The same procedure of adjustment is followed for spacebands represented by the curves 2 and 3 in Figs. 10 and 11. In actual practice, these curves would be plotted to a larger scale to facilitate the procurement of readings for the various spacebands; also, other curves would be added to represent other commercial sizes of spacebands.

General operation The details of the apparatus having been de scribed, a further understanding of the structure constituting the present invention can be obtained from the following detailed description of its operation.

Referring to Fig. 1, the tops 25 of the keylevers carry indicia (not shown) analogous to the wellknown typewriter keyboards wherein two sets of designations are used, one for the lower case and the other for the upper case, a shift key and an unshift key being provided to condition the general apparatus to function for counting and perforating in accordance with whether the tape is to be perforated and the indicating and counting mechanism operated for upper or lower case characters. The perforating, counting, and indicating operations proceed in the manner disclosed in U. S. Patents Nos. 2,021,151 and 2,059,- 250, the only difference being that in the present instance means have been provided to accommodate various sizes of spacebands, which I a single operation of the space key 5|) will cause,

through link 51, the lever 58 to be tripped from engagement with lever 6| which will be rotated a slight amount in a counterclockwise direction by its spring to bring stepping pawl 54 into engagement with ratchet rack 55 (Figs. 4 and 6). Simultaneously with the tripping oflever BI the keylever 56, as clearly set forth in U. S. Patent No. 2,059,250, operates a universal bar which 'trips a cyclically operated clutch to initiate the rotation of the cam 49 (Fig. 1) to effect the reciprocation through lever 41 of bar 43. A single reciprocation of bar 43 will cause the member 61 to be actuated one step toward the right and to be retained thereat by the holding pawl 81-. Operating bars 18 and will be rotated about their pivots I1 and 18 a slight amount commensurate with a single step movement of ratchet rack 55. The movements of operating bars 19 and 80 will be transferred to gear racks ill and 85, respectively, and in turn to gear sectors 63 and 64, respectively, to cause a deflection in pointers 22 and 24 an amount representative of the minimum and maximum-thicknesses of the predetermined spaceband. Succeeding operations of the space key 50 will cause the member 61 to be stepped in the same manner for each effectiveness thereof, which movement will result in a further deflection of pointers 22 and 24. When the space key has been operated, say, for example, ten times, the member on member 61 will cooperate with the cam surface 94 to effect the ringing of the bell 9|, thereby signalling the operator that ten spacebands have been accounted for in the line of composition for which the tape is being prepared. The operator then depresses the elevator key, the eifect of which is to restore the indicating mechanism to its normal beginning-of-line position. The effect of depressing the elevator key is to actuate lever 98, Fig. 2, to in turn operate levers I 06 and IIII to simultaneously effect the return of the matrix pointer 23 to its position against stop 4I and to rotate holding pawl 81 slightly in a counterclockwise direction, Fig. 4, to permit member 61 to be returned to its extreme rightward position, as viewed in Fig. 3, by spring I08.

Although the foregoing disclosure is predicated upon the fact that the graduations on scale 2I denote keyboard e it is immaterial to the adaptability of the device of the present invention whether the graduations denote ems or picas." A pica", as is known in the printing art, is a unit of measurement which is used to designate the widths of columns and lengths of lines, and is equivalent to 12 points; that is, 12 points" make a pica and 6 "picas are assumed to make an inch. However, this is not absolutely correct, for, to avoid a repeating decimal, the "pica" is fixed as .166 inch; whereas if there were exactly 6 picas" to the inch, the figure or digit 6 would repeat to infinity. Thus, it is apparent from the foregoing that the em" is a relative unit of measurement, depending for its actual dimensions upon the particular font used, while a pica" is an absolute unit of measurement.

Therefore, a scale denoting picas", is effective to totalize matrix widths without first determining the set size of the font of type, because the term em, as is obvious from the previous disclosure, is used merely to indicate a proportion, while a pica is an absolute linear measurement or dimension, and hence in the foregoing formulae the set size becomes unity or 1, so that the deflection per spaceband is equal to Bx, or Sn in formula (1) or (2), respectively. In the event, then, that a "pica scale is employed the counting mechanism of the keyboard per- -forator and counter is designed to embody a invention is not dependent upon the number of units into which an"em,or a pica is divided. Consequently, with the use of a "pica scale the graduations adjoining the traveling blocks I6 and I1 need only be changed to establish markings to represent the various spacebands; 'for example, the graduations thereon may be predetermined and suitably marked for the commercial sizes of spacebands, either bynumber or otherwise, and instead of the graphs shown in Figs. 10 and 11 the operator is provided with a table apprising him of the minimum and maximum sizes of the various spacebands according to an identifying number assigned thereto.

Modifications Modifications of the present invention are illustrated in Figs. 12, 13, and 14. In the modified form shown in Fig. 12, the pawl 54 is carried as before on reciprocating bar 43 and is actuated into cooperative engagement with ratchet rack II5 (analogous to rack 55 of the previously described structure) by the lever IiI similarly as previously set forth. Rack I I5 is siidably mounted on studs H6 and II! secured to the frame I I8 of the adjustable spaceband indicating unit. Rack H5 is pivotally articulated to an operating lever IIB through a pivot stud I20, analogous to lever IS in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which lever is pivoted to a gear rack I2I and coacts with adjustable pivot I22 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the preferred form of the invention. Gear rack I2I cooperates with gear sector I23 of the maximum spaceband' pointer I24. Also pivoted to the gear rack I2I is the operating lever I25 which is provided with a slot adapted to coact with a pivot stud attached to a gear rack I26, located below gear rack I2I, which cooperates with gear sector I21 of minimum spaceband pointer I28. Gea'r racks I2I and I26 are slidably mounted on shoulder screws attached to frame I I8 as clearly shown in Fig. 12. Operating lever I25 also cooperates with an adjustable pivot I29 'adjustably associated with the frame H8 in a I20 to operating lever I III which pivots about the adjustable pivot I22 to actuate gear rack I2l to the left,- which movement is imparted through a,oss,eos

gear sector I 28 to maximum pointer I24. As gear rack I2I is actuated toward the left, operating lever I25 is caused to rotate about the adjustable pivot I25 and simultaneously to carry gear rack 5 I25 towardthe left due to its pivotal connection III thereto which movement is imparted to gear rack I21 and in turn to minimum spaceband pointer I25.

Through the instrumentality of adjustable pivots I22 and I29 the movements of the spaceband pointers I24 and I28 can begvaried to correspond with the particular spacebands used, the adjustment thereof being determined in the same manner as described in connection with the preferred form of the invention; that is, for example, the adjustment I22 can be altered to correspond with the item or figure given in a tableor set of graphs which may be prepared for the operator. Likewise, the adjustment I23 may be altered to change the movement of the minimum spaceband pointer I28 to correspond with the figures given in said table or graph. The adjustment I22- is identical to that described in the preferred form and is indicated in keyboard ems. adjustment of pivot I28, however, is not indicated by keyboard ems, but is determined by' the ratio of the two spaceband pointer movements.

In the modification shown in Fig. 13, a different 30 cam and pinion assembly I is provided for each spaceband. In this form of the invention a ratchet rack I35 is slidably mounted on studs secured to frame I31 of the indicator unit and is operated in a step-by-step manner, similar to 35 that previously described, by the reciprocating pawl 54. Pivotally articulated to the ratchet rack I38 is an operating lever I38 which is-pivoted to a gear rack I88 slidably carried on studs secured to the frame I31. Operating lever I38 40 cooperates with an adjustable pivot I, in a manner similar to that previously described, which pivot is adjustable in accordance with the set size of the font of type in connection with which the spaceband is to be used. Cooperating with the gear sector I38 is the pinion I42 of the assembly I85. The assembly I35 is provided with two different cams; namely, cam I43 for the minimum spaceband pointer I44, and cam I45 for maximum spaceband pointer I45.

The operation of the form of the invention shown in Fig. 13 is apparent. The proportions of the cams I43 and- I45 being predetermined to suit the particular spacebands, the adjustment I is made to correspond with the set size of the font with which the particular spaceband is used. For different spacebands these cams would be changed.

The modification shown in Fig. i4 is quite Slmllar to that shown in Fig. 13. Instead of having circular cams associated with a pinion and rack an accuratehr milled cam member I5I is provided which is slidably carried on studs secured to the frame I52 of the adjustable spaceband indicator unit. Cooperating with the cam surfaces of member I5I are follower rollers I53 and I 54 of minimum spaceband pointer I55 and maximum spaceband pointer I55, respectively. The cam surfaces of member I5I are determined by the same formulae 'as set forth in the preferred form of the invention and are hyperbolic in contour.

The cam member I5l is actuated through operating lever I51 by a ratchet rack I58 slidably carlied on pivot studs attached to frame I52. Rack I58 is operated by the reciprocating pawl 54 in a manner previously described. The operating The lever I51 is pivoted to rack I58 and when rack I58 is actuated, the operating lever I51 is caused to rotate about the adjustable pivot I58 and to operate cam I5I toward the left (as viewed in Fig. 14) to in turn actuate spaceband pointers I55 and I55 correspondingly.

It is apparent from the foregoing description that a device has been provided which renders the keyboard perforating and counting apparatus adaptable to typesetting systems employing an indefinite number of sizes of "spacebands. Although the present invention has been disclosed in connection with a perforator and counter, it is, of course, understood that the invention is capable'of embodiment in many and varied applications other than that specifically disclosed without departure from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a keyboard apparatus, a pointer member movable under certain operating conditions, a series of keys corresponding to a series of characters, means operated upon the depression of each of said keys for effecting the movement of said pointer member an amount predetermined by the particular key depressed, a special key, a pair of pointer members, means actuated by said special key for controlling the movement of said pair. of pointer members differently according to the number of times said special key is depressed, and means associated with said pair of pointer members to vary the degree of movement for each operation of the special key.

2. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representing justifiable lines of matrices, a scale, an index member movable variably with respect to said scale to show the .totalized width of matrices in the line at any time, a pair of pointers movable variably to show the amount of justification possible inthe line at any time, and means to vary the independent movements of said pointers to correspond to the justifying matrix to be used.

3. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representing lines of composition, a member movable under certain operating conditions, a pair of other members operable under other operating conditions and cooperative with said member to determine the justifiability of a line, and means to vary the operating conditions of said pair of members.

4. In an apparatus for producing perforated strips for the control of typographical machines, a keyboard including character keys and a spacer key controlling the perforation of the strip, a counting mechanism controlled by said keyboard for indicating respective widths of characters individual to said keys and justifiability of a line, including a scale, a pointer, power driven mechanism for moving said pointer relatively to said scale in varying amounts, a pair of pointers, and gearing driven from a common source of power for rotating said pair of pointers different distances for each effectiveness thereof, and means to vary the cooperative relation of said gearing to effect a corresponding change in the movement of said pointers.

5. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representing lines of composition, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale to indicate the cumulative widths ofcharacters, a pair of pointers, and gearing operable from a common source of power for rotating said pair of pointers diflerent distances for each effectiveness thereof for indicating a diflerent condi- 5 tion, and means for varying the operation of said gearing.

6. In a keyboard apparatus, a pointer member movable under certain operating conditions, a plurality of keys corresponding to a series of charl acters, means operated upon the depression of each 01 said keys for efiecting the movement of said pointer member an amount predetermined by the particular'key depressed, a special key,'

a pair of pointer members, means actuated by 15 said special key for controlling the movement of said pair of pointer members diflferentially relatively to the member pointer controlled by the character keys, and means for varying the differential operation of said pair of pointer members. 20 7. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, a series of keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response 25 to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, a pair of pointers, adjustable means for operating said pointers diflerentially to indicate the cumulative expansibility oi the word spacers, and a special key operable 30 through the instrumentality of said means to effect a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a spacer.

8. In an apparatus for preparing tapes for the 35 automatic control of linecasting machines, means for indicating amounts representative of matrix widths, means to indicate the justifiability of the line of composed matter, means for effecting the relative movement between said means to change 0 the normal zero position of justifiability, and means to vary the operation of said second recited means to correspond to predetermined extents of justifiability.

9. In combination, a scale, a member movable 45 with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a pair of members operable under other operating conditions, means controlled by one of said pair of members to effect a change in the zero position of said scale in response to each 50 operation of said pair, and means to vary the extent of said change.

10. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representative of consecutive characters and word 55 spacers, a series of keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, a pair of pointers, means comprising a gear sector and a gear rack individual to each of said pointers to operate said pointers diflerentially, adjustably pivoted operating levers therefor, pawl and ratchet means for actuating said operating levers,

65 a special key, and means operably controlled by said special key to actuate said pawl and ratchet means to effect through the instrumentality of said gear racks and gear sectors a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the in- 7 crement of expansibility provided by a spacer,

all of said pointers cooperating to indicate continuously a condition of justiflability.

11. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable Ior the production of perforated tape 75 representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, a series of keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response to the operation 01 said keys to indicate thecumulative widths of characters, a pair of pointers, means controlled by one or said pair of pointers to effect a change in the zero position of said scale in response to each operation of said pair whereby the increment oi movement of said one of said pair of pointers is superadded to the indication of said first recited pointer, means 10 comprising a gear sector and a gear rack individual to each 01' said pointers to operate said pointers diil'erentially, adjustably pivoted operating levers therefor, pawl and ratchet means for actuating said operating levers, a special key, and means operably controlled by said special key to actuate said pawl and ratchet means to effect through the instrumentality 01' saidgear racks and gear sectors a. relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a spacer, all of said pointers cooperating to indicate continuously a condition of justiflability.

12. In combination with a keyboard perforator suitable for the production of perforated tape representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, a series of keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, a pair of 0 pointers, means comprising a gear sector and a gear rack individual to each of said pointers to operate said pointers differently, adjustably pivoted operating levers therefor, a slidable carriage comprising a ratchet rack and a cam means, a special key, and a reciprocable pawl means operably controlled by said special key for actuating through said ratchet rack said operating levers and said carriage to-efiect through the instrumentality of said gear racks and gear sectors 40 a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment or expansibility provided by a spacer, all 01' said pointers cooperating to indicate continuously a condition of justifiability.

13. In combination, a scale, a scale indicating means movable under certain operating condi tions, a mechanism for operating the indicating means, and means comprising an interchangeable cam member for adjusting the operative relationship between said indicating means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of the indicating means upon the operation oi. the mechanism.

14. In combination with a keyboard suitable for the production of perforated tape representative 01 consecutive characters and word spacers.

a series or keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably wlth respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths 01 characters, a pair of pointers, means comprising a gear rack and pinion to operate said pointers differentially, an adjustably pivoted operating lever therefor, pawl and ratchet means for actuating said operating lever, a special key, and means operably controlled by said special key to actuate said pawl and ratchet means to effect through the instrumentality of said first recited means a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of ex- 7 pansibility provided by a spacer.

15. In combination with a keyboard suitable for the production of perforated tape representative of consecutive characters and word spacers,

a series 01 keys, a scale, a pointer movable variably with respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, a pair of pointers, means to operate said pointers differentially, an adjustably pivoted operating lever therefor, pawl and ratchet means for actuating said operating lever, a special key, and means operably controlled by said special key to actuate said pawl and ratchet means to eiIect through the instrumentality of said first recited means a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a spacer.

16. In combination, a scale, a scale indicating means movable under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating the indicating means, and means comprising a first adjustable means operable under other operating conditions and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said indicating means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of the indicating means upon the operation of the mechanism.

17. In combination, a scale, a scale indicating means movable under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating the indicating means, a pawl and ratchet means, means 'comprising a first adjustable means operated by. said pawl and ratchet means and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said indicating means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of the indicating means upon the operation of the mechanism.

18. In combination, a scale, a pair of members operable under certain operating conditions, means controlled by one of said pair members to effect a change in the zero position of said scale in, response to each operation of said pair, and

means to vary the extent of saidchange.

19. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising a gear sector and a gear rack individual to each of said members to operate said members differentially, a reciprocating mechanism for operating said means, and means to vary the extent of operability of said means.

20. In combination, a scale, means movable with respectto said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating said means, and means comprising an interchangeable CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,085,608.

EDWARD S. LARSON,

cam member for adjusting the operative relationship between said means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of said first recited means upon each operation of said mechanism.

21. In combination, a scale, means movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating said means, and means comprising a first adjustable means operable under other operating conditions and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said first recited means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of said first recited means upon each operation of said mechanism.

22. In combination with an apparatus for producing control strips representing lines of composition, a scale, an index member movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a pair of members movable difierentially with respect to each other and cooperable with said index member to indicate a condition of justifiability, a mechanism for operating said pair 01' members, and adjustable means for changing the operative connection between said pair of members and said mechanism to vary the degrees of movement of said pair of members upon each operation of said mechanism.

23. An apparatus including a series of keys, a scale, means movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism responsive to certain ones of said keys for operating said means, means responsive to one of said keys for cobperating with saidfirst mentioned means to indicate a predetermined condition, and means for adjusting the operative relationship between said first recited means and said second recited means for thereafter varying the degree 01' movement of said second recited means upon each operation of said one of said keys.

24. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising proportionally adjustable instrumentalities to actuate said members, and reciprocating mechanism for operating said means.

25. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising a proportionally adjustable linkage arrangement to actuate said members, and reciprocating mechanism for operating said means.

EDWARD S. LARSON.

It is hereby certified that errorappears in'the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 8, first column, line 17, claim 6, for "member pointer? read pointer member; and second column, line 53, claim' 12, for "differently" read differentially; and that the-said-Letters Pat ent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Pat-- e nt Office Signed and sealed this 19st day or October, A. n. 1957.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale. Acting Commissioner of Patents.

ably with respect to said scale in response to the operation of said keys to indicate the cumulative widths of characters, a pair of pointers, means to operate said pointers differentially, an adjustably pivoted operating lever therefor, pawl and ratchet means for actuating said operating lever, a special key, and means operably controlled by said special key to actuate said pawl and ratchet means to eiIect through the instrumentality of said first recited means a relative change in said pair of pointers to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a spacer.

16. In combination, a scale, a scale indicating means movable under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating the indicating means, and means comprising a first adjustable means operable under other operating conditions and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said indicating means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of the indicating means upon the operation of the mechanism.

17. In combination, a scale, a scale indicating means movable under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating the indicating means, a pawl and ratchet means, means 'comprising a first adjustable means operated by. said pawl and ratchet means and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said indicating means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of the indicating means upon the operation of the mechanism.

18. In combination, a scale, a pair of members operable under certain operating conditions, means controlled by one of said pair members to effect a change in the zero position of said scale in, response to each operation of said pair, and

means to vary the extent of saidchange.

19. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising a gear sector and a gear rack individual to each of said members to operate said members differentially, a reciprocating mechanism for operating said means, and means to vary the extent of operability of said means.

20. In combination, a scale, means movable with respectto said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating said means, and means comprising an interchangeable CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,085,608.

EDWARD S. LARSON,

cam member for adjusting the operative relationship between said means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of said first recited means upon each operation of said mechanism.

21. In combination, a scale, means movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism for operating said means, and means comprising a first adjustable means operable under other operating conditions and a second adjustable means operable proportionally through the agency of said first adjustable means for adjusting the operative relationship between said first recited means and said mechanism for varying the degree of movement of said first recited means upon each operation of said mechanism.

22. In combination with an apparatus for producing control strips representing lines of composition, a scale, an index member movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a pair of members movable difierentially with respect to each other and cooperable with said index member to indicate a condition of justifiability, a mechanism for operating said pair 01' members, and adjustable means for changing the operative connection between said pair of members and said mechanism to vary the degrees of movement of said pair of members upon each operation of said mechanism.

23. An apparatus including a series of keys, a scale, means movable with respect to said scale under certain operating conditions, a mechanism responsive to certain ones of said keys for operating said means, means responsive to one of said keys for cobperating with saidfirst mentioned means to indicate a predetermined condition, and means for adjusting the operative relationship between said first recited means and said second recited means for thereafter varying the degree 01' movement of said second recited means upon each operation of said one of said keys.

24. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising proportionally adjustable instrumentalities to actuate said members, and reciprocating mechanism for operating said means.

25. In combination, a scale, a pair of members movable with respect to said scale, means comprising a proportionally adjustable linkage arrangement to actuate said members, and reciprocating mechanism for operating said means.

EDWARD S. LARSON.

It is hereby certified that errorappears in'the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 8, first column, line 17, claim 6, for "member pointer? read pointer member; and second column, line 53, claim' 12, for "differently" read differentially; and that the-said-Letters Pat ent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Pat-- e nt Office Signed and sealed this 19st day or October, A. n. 1957.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale. Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

